Facts About Sexually Transmitted Diseases

What are sexually transmitted diseases (STDs)?

Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) are the most common infectious diseases in the United States today. More than 20 STDs have been recognized and they affect an expected 19 million men and women in this country each year. The annual prescription cost of STDs in the United States is expected to be more than $14 billion.

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How make STDs harm women?

Health problems affected by STDs attend to be more difficult and more frequent for women than for men, in part because for women there are often no noticeable symptoms, so they do not seek care until severe problems have occurred.

Any STDs can spread into the uterus (womb) and fallopian cells to produce pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), which is a problem of both infertility and ectopic (tubal) pregnancy. Ectopic pregnancy can be fatal. STDs in women also may be linked with cervical cancer. Human papillomavirus virus (HPV) can cause genital tumors and cervical also other genital cancers. STDs can be transferred from a mother to her child before, during or shortly after birth. Some of these newborn diseases can be cured easily, but others may produce a baby to be forever disabled or even die.

What are the most common types of STDs?

Chlamydial Virus

This disease is the most common of all bacterial STDs, with an expected 2.8 million new cases happening each year. Chlamydial infection may produce abnormal vaginal discharge and burning during urination. In women, an untreated chlamydial disease may lead to pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), one of the most common problems of ectopic pregnancy and infertility in women. Many people with the chlamydial disease, however, have few or no signs of an infection; it usually goes undiagnosed and untreated. Previously diagnosed with a chlamydial disease, a person can be treated with an antibiotic.

Genital Herpes

Genital herpes attacks at least 45 million Americans ages 12 and older. About 500,000 new cases of this deadly viral infection occur annually. Herpes diseases are caused by the herpes simplex infections type 1 and type 2. Most genital herpes is effected by HSV-2. Most individuals have no or only minimum symptoms or symptoms. When symptoms take to occur, they typically appear as one or more injuries on or around the genitals or rectum. The blisters burst, leaving tender sores that may take two to four weeks to heal the first time they occur. Typically, the different outbreak can appear weeks or months next the first, but it almost always is less severe and shorter. The virus remains in the body for life and the injuries may recur from time to time. Severe or persistently recurrent genital herpes is treated with one of the various antiviral drugs that are available by prescription. Those drugs help manage the symptoms but do not kill the herpes virus from the body. Suppressible antiviral treatment can be used to prevent recurrences and perhaps release. Women who acquire genital herpes can spread the virus to their babies during delivery. Untreated HSV infections in newborns can occur in mental retardation and death.

Syphilis

While the rate of primary and secondary (P&S) syphilis – the most dangerous stages of the disease – reached the best low in 2000, it has grown dramatically in recent years. Within 2004 and 2005, the number of reported P&S syphilis cases in the United States grew from 7,980 to 8,724. The overall rise in syphilis cases was made primarily by rises between males. However, troubling trends also were seen between females, as the rate of related cases among females raised for the first time in higher than 10 years. Syphilis is quickly treatable in its early stages. The first symptom is a chancre, a painless open sore that normally appears around or in the vagina. If untreated, it can lead to severe long-term difficulties, including problems of the heart and inner nervous system, organ injury and even death. Congenital syphilis can make stillbirth, death soon after birth, and visible deformity and neurological difficulties in children who survive. The full course of the condition can take years. Penicillin remains the most powerful drug in the therapy of syphilis.

Other STDs

Other infections that may occur sexually assigned involve human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), trichomoniasis, bacterial vaginosis, cytomegalovirus diseases and pubic insects (crabs). STDs while pregnant women are linked with several adverse outcomes, including spontaneous abortion and infection in the newborn. Low birth weight and prematurity appear to be connected with STDs, including chlamydial infection and trichomoniasis. Congenital or perinatal disease (a disease that occurs about the time of birth) happens in 30 percent to 70 percent of infants born to infected mothers, and developments may involve pneumonia, eye infections, and permanent neurologic injury.

What can you do to prevent STDs?

The most reliable way to prevent STDs is to withdraw sexual connection with others. If you choose to be sexually active, there are items that you can do to reduce your risk of contracting an STD:

Should a commonly monogamous intimate connection with an uninfected spouse.

Utilize condoms perfectly every time you have sex. The use of latex or polyurethane condoms during vaginal sex, when used consistently and perfectly, can decrease the risk of transmission of STDs.

Delay should sexual relations as long as possible. The younger people are when becoming sex for the first time, the more sensitive they become to contracting an STD. The chance of getting an STD also grows with the number of partners over a lifetime.

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